Graziano & Raulin
Research Methods (9th edition)
Carl Stumpf (1848-1936) was a German psychologist. He was also an accomplished violinist, master of five additional instruments, and a composer.
It is not surprising that when Stumpf turned to science and psychology, his research interests would focus on acoustics, and he became a major pioneer in the psychological study of music. His most influential writing was the two-volume work, The Psychology of Tone (1883, 1890). Stumpf, along with Helmholtz, became the recognized leaders in the field of acoustics.
Influenced by Brentano, Stumpf proposed an alternative model of psychology (phenomenology) to Wundt’s then-dominant experimental psychology of consciousness. Phenomenology was the study of psychological experience as it occurred, and not as it is controlled through presentation of measured stimuli in the laboratory. Like Brentano, Stumpf influenced the later development of Gestalt Psychology. Specifically, he trained the two people who later went on to found Gestalt Psychology: Kurt Koffka and Wolfgang Kohler.